Practical Knowledge of Disinfection Products
1. Product Definition and Core Practical Value
Disinfection products refer to equipment, agents, or systems designed to eliminate or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, spores) in specific environments, on surfaces, or in media. Their practical value lies in directly solving real - world hygiene problems: preventing cross - infection in crowded places, avoiding product contamination in industrial production, and ensuring family health in daily life. Unlike theoretical concepts, these products are tools that can be directly applied to specific scenarios to address immediate microbial risks.
2. Classification by Application Scenarios (with Practical Selection Tips)
2.1 Healthcare Sector Disinfection Products (for Hospitals, Clinics)
- Air Disinfection Equipment:
- Plasma Air Sterilizers: Suitable for 24 - hour continuous use in occupied wards. They have no secondary pollution and can also remove odors. Selection tip: Choose models with a air volume matching the room size (e.g., a 50 - square - meter ward requires a machine with an air volume of ≥800m³/h) and a real - time air quality display function.
- UV Air Sterilizers: Only for unoccupied spaces such as operating rooms after surgery. Selection tip: Confirm that the product has a human - sensing shutdown function to prevent UV leakage, and check the UV lamp service life reminder (generally, the lamp needs to be replaced after 8,000 hours of use).
- Surface and Equipment Disinfection Products:
- Bed Unit Sterilizers: Used for disinfecting hospital beds, mattresses, and quilts. Selection tip: Prioritize models with multiple disinfection modes (UV + ozone + heat), and ensure the disinfection chamber size fits the hospital's standard bed size (1.9m×0.9m is common).
- UV Germicidal Lamps (Surface - Specific): For disinfecting medical instruments (e.g., stethoscopes, thermometers) and operating tables. Selection tip: For portable types, choose those with a battery life of ≥4 hours and a protective cover to avoid accidental UV exposure; for fixed types, select wall - mounted models with adjustable irradiation angles.
- High - Level Disinfection Agents: For heat - sensitive instruments like endoscopes. Selection tip: Use hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid - based agents that meet GB 27948 standards, and check the "valid use time" (usually 24 hours after opening the package).
2.2 Public and Residential Area Disinfection Products
- Portable Disinfection Devices:
- Handheld UV Disinfection Wands: For small items (mobile phones, keys, masks). Practical use tip: Irradiate each surface for 15 - 30 seconds (not less than 10 seconds), and avoid irradiating human skin or eyes. Do not use on materials that are sensitive to UV (e.g., some colored fabrics may fade).
- Ozone Disinfection Boxes: For disinfecting baby bottles, underwear, and jewelry. Practical use tip: After disinfection (usually 30 - 60 minutes), ventilate the box for 10 - 15 minutes before taking out items to avoid ozone residue. Do not put food or plants in the box.
- Central Air Conditioning Disinfection Modules: For shopping malls, office buildings, and homes with central air conditioning. Selection tip: Choose UV - type modules if the air conditioning runs for a long time (UV lamps have a longer service life); select electrostatic adsorption - type modules if there is more dust in the area (they can also filter particles).
2.3 Industrial Disinfection Products
- Food Industry Disinfection Equipment:
- Ozone Water Generators: For disinfecting fruits, vegetables, and production pipelines. Practical use tip: Control the ozone concentration in water at 0.3 - 0.5mg/L (too high may affect food taste), and the disinfection time should be 5 - 10 minutes. Rinse with clean water after disinfection for leafy vegetables.
- High - Temperature Steam Sterilizers: For food packaging materials (e.g., plastic bags, aluminum foil) and stainless steel equipment. Selection tip: For packaging materials, choose models with adjustable temperature (100 - 121℃); for large equipment, select mobile steam generators with a long hose (≥5 meters) for easy operation.
- Pharmaceutical Industry Disinfection Systems: VHP (Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide) disinfection systems for cleanrooms. Practical use tip: Before disinfection, seal the cleanroom (check for air leaks in doors and windows), and test the hydrogen peroxide residue after disinfection (must be ≤0.5ppm to meet GMP standards).
Jiangyin Jianshifu Equipment Co., Ltd., a professional disinfection equipment manufacturer established in 1993, produces plasma air sterilizers, bed unit sterilizers, and UV germicidal lamps that are widely used in healthcare and public areas. Its products are designed with practical scenarios in mind, such as bed unit sterilizers that fit standard hospital beds, which is convenient for medical institutions to use directly without additional adjustments.
3. Core Technical Parameters (How to Judge Practical Performance)
3.1 Disinfection Efficiency Indicators (Key for Practical Effect)
- Microbial Elimination Rate: Do not just look at the nominal "99.9%". For medical - grade products, ask for test reports on specific microorganisms (e.g., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, influenza A virus). For home use, products with an elimination rate of ≥99% for common bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) are sufficient.
- Disinfection Speed: For scenarios that require quick disinfection (e.g., hospital emergency rooms), choose air sterilizers that can disinfect a 30 - square - meter room in 30 minutes or less. For home use, a disinfection speed of 1 - 2 hours for a living room is acceptable.
- UV - Related Parameters: For UV disinfection products, the wavelength must be 200 - 280nm (UV - C band). The UV output intensity (measured at 1 meter) should be ≥70μW/cm² (you can check with a professional UV detector). If the intensity is too low (e.g., <50μW/cm²), the disinfection effect will be greatly reduced.
3.2 Safety and Environmental Protection Indicators (Practical for Daily Use)
- Toxic Residues: For food - contact disinfection agents, confirm that the product label has "food - grade" certification. For example, ozone water generators should state "no residual after decomposition" on the label. Do not use industrial - grade disinfectants for home or food scenarios.
- Human Safety: UV products must have a human - sensing function. Test it before use: wave your hand in front of the sensor, and the UV light should turn off immediately. Ozone products must have an ozone concentration monitor (the safe concentration in the air is ≤0.1mg/m³). If you smell a pungent odor during use, stop using it and ventilate immediately.
- Electrical Safety: For electrical disinfection equipment, check the power cord (it should be thick and not easily broken) and the grounding pin (must be intact). After purchasing, plug it in and test: there should be no sparks, abnormal noises, or overheating of the shell.
3.3 Practical Standards to Comply With (Avoid Buying Substandard Products)
- Domestic Must - Have Standards:
- Air disinfectors: Comply with GB 28235 (check the certificate number on the official website of the National Health Commission).
- UV germicidal lamps: Comply with GB 19258 (the lamp tube should be marked with the wavelength and service life).
- Disinfection agents: Comply with GB/T 38502 (for daily chemical disinfection agents) or GB 27948 (for medical disinfection agents).
- International Reference Standards: For imported products, check if they comply with ISO 15883 (medical device disinfection) or ASTM E1153 (air disinfectant efficacy). However, domestic standards are more in line with local usage scenarios, so priority should be given to products that meet domestic standards.
4. Practical Use and Maintenance Guidelines
4.1 Correct Use Methods (Avoid Wasting Efficacy or Causing Hazards)
- Air Disinfection Equipment:
- Place plasma air sterilizers in the center of the room (avoid blocking the air inlet and outlet). Do not use them in humid environments (e.g., bathrooms) to prevent short circuits.
- UV air sterilizers must be used when no one is in the room. After disinfection, open the windows for 20 minutes to ventilate before entering.
- Surface Disinfection Products:
- When using UV germicidal lamps to disinfect instruments, place the instruments 30 - 50cm away from the lamp (too far will reduce the effect, too close may damage the instruments).
- Ozone disinfection boxes should not be overfilled (fill no more than 80% of the box volume) to ensure ozone can circulate evenly.
- Dilute according to the instructions (e.g., a chlorine - containing disinfectant with a concentration of 5% needs to be diluted 100 times to get a 500mg/L solution for home surface disinfection). Do not use hot water to dilute (it may reduce the efficacy).
- Do not mix different types of disinfectants (e.g., mixing chlorine - containing disinfectants with acidic disinfectants will produce toxic chlorine gas).
4.2 Daily Maintenance (Extend Service Life and Ensure Efficacy)
- UV - Based Products: Replace the UV lamp tube regularly (every 8,000 - 10,000 hours of use). Wipe the lamp tube with a clean cotton cloth dipped in alcohol every month to remove dust (dust will block UV light).
- Plasma Air Sterilizers: Clean the air filter every 2 weeks (take it out and tap gently to remove dust; wash with water if it is very dirty, and dry thoroughly before reinstalling). Replace the filter every 6 - 12 months.
- Ozone Disinfection Boxes: Wipe the inner wall with a dry cloth every time after use to prevent ozone residue from corroding the box. Check the ozone generator every 3 months (if the disinfection time becomes longer or the ozone smell is weaker, the generator may need to be replaced).
- Disinfection Agents: Store in a cool, dry, and dark place (avoid direct sunlight). For liquid disinfectants, seal the bottle tightly after use to prevent volatilization. Do not use expired disinfectants (the efficacy will decrease significantly).
5. Common Problems and Solutions (Practical Troubleshooting)
One common problem with UV disinfection products is that they have no effect. This can be caused by three main factors: first, the UV lamp may be expired; second, the irradiation distance could be too far; third, the object surface might be dirty. To solve this, first check the lamp service life and replace it if it has expired. Then adjust the irradiation distance to 30 - 50cm. Finally, make sure to clean the object surface before disinfection.
Another common issue is that ozone disinfection boxes have a strong residual odor. The possible reasons for this are either the disinfection time is too long or the ventilation time is too short. The solutions are to shorten the disinfection time (for example, from 60 minutes to 30 minutes) and extend the ventilation time to 15 - 20 minutes.
Plasma air sterilizers sometimes make abnormal noises. This may happen because the air inlet or outlet is blocked, or the fan is faulty. First, clean the air filter and remove any obstacles around the machine. If the noise still persists after that, contact after - sales service to have the fan repaired.
When a disinfection agent fails to kill bacteria, it is likely due to either the concentration being too low or the contact time being too short. To fix this, re - dilute the disinfection agent according to the instructions (you can use a concentration meter to test if necessary) and extend the contact time (for example, from 5 minutes to 10 minutes).
6. Purchase Tips (Avoid Being Tricked)
- Do Not Believe Exaggerated Advertisements: For example, "kills 100% of all microorganisms" or "can disinfect without any restrictions" are false claims. All disinfection products have their applicable scopes and limitations.
- Check the Certificate Completeness: Ask the seller for the "Disinfection Product Production Enterprise Sanitation License" and "Disinfection Product Safety Evaluation Report". Do not buy products without these certificates (they may be substandard).
- Choose According to Actual Needs: For a small apartment (≤50 square meters), a portable UV wand and a small ozone disinfection box are sufficient; for a hospital ward, a professional plasma air sterilizer and a bed unit sterilizer are necessary. Do not buy overly advanced products that are not suitable for your scenario (they will be a waste of money).
- Pay Attention to After - Sales Service: Choose brands or manufacturers that provide after - sales service (e.g., free maintenance within 1 year, replacement of vulnerable parts). For example, Jiangyin Jianshifu Equipment Co., Ltd. provides after - sales support for its disinfection equipment, which is convenient for users to solve problems during use.